Wednesday, 8 September 2021

Berlin

 Berlin

I visited Berlin as part of a rail tour firstly to Poland and then on a second occasion while visiting the great cities of Eastern Europe. I was excited to visit Berlin, a city which has figured large in recent history. On my first visit we stayed in an ultramodern hotel  on Alexanderplatz. We had a room high in this hotel with a view over a swath of former East Berlin including its imposing TV tower which dominates the Berlin skyline. I was taken aback that our bathroom had only strategically placed areas of opaque glass with most clear.

On our first day exploring the city we set out to walk past the former German Air Ministry from Nazi times. This was a grave disappointment being a gigantic ( even grandiose ) building with absolutely no exterior interest. It is now used for some bureaucratic purpose unconnected with flying. Walking on and nearby quite by chance we came upon the former Gestapo headquarters. It was almost totally demolished down to ground level but the basement level was still visible. It seemed almost unbelievable that these basement cells were where so many were tortured. A major museum to Gestapo activities is adjacent to the site and it was instructive, if horrifying, to visit.

We hurried on to our destination which was Check Point Charlie. As a tourist destination the Checkpoint is actually moved from its original site. It is now an attraction in its own right with actors dressed in US and Soviet uniforms posing outside for tourist photos. Some of the signage is still there as a tourist prop such as large signs “You are now leaving the American sector”.

Much more interesting was the nearby museum devoted to East Germans crossing the Berlin Wall. This wall erected in 1961 and demolished in 1989 was much more than just a tall concrete wall. On the East German side was the “death zone” of some 50m of cleared sandy area where the border guards were told to shoot. Sadly many from the East were killed trying to escape East Germany. One of the most haunting aspects of the museum was the advice to escapers to try and catch the guards eye and smile so that by exhibiting a common humanity the guard might not shoot to kill. The escapers showed incredible ingenuity. In the walls early days before so much was destroyed escapers could hope to jump or run from nearby  buildings.  A border guard escaped this way and a lucky photographer captured a famous photo.

Other bizarre ways included a hot air balloon, con tricks such as flashing a Playboy Club passport which resembled a diplomatic passport, secret tunnels, a tightrope walk or Zip wire, or using makeshift boats on rivers or canals which cross the wall. A wide variety of hiding places in vehicles were used. The most extreme was an East German soldier who stole a tank, tried to crash the wall only to become entangled in barbed wire. Although shot the soldier escaped.

Part of the experience was a coach tour with a guide. Although German the guide had a great command of English which he used to make wry jokes during the tour. A great deal of building work is underway and seemingly modern buildings are being demolished to make way for even newer ones. The guide introduced this by saying it was a prominent aspect of the city life. Then when we would pass yet another demolition site he would roll his eyes and say “ you know what our city hobby is…” The guide was excellent and we were very fortunate to encounter him again on our second visit. He claimed to remember me but he must see so many this seemed a bit unlikely. The truth of his jokes was shown in that our first hotel had been demolished despite being very modern.

A small section of wall remains and Berliners have taken advantage of the sandy exclusion zone by treating it as a beach. In fact touring Berlin shows artefacts from the communist era from 1945 to 1989 for east Berlin and from the Nazi era 1933-1945. Berlin was subjected to intense bombing during WW11. The Nazi’s built strong bomb shelters above ground which were surmounted by anti aircraft guns. These flak towers are so massively built that it isn’t always worthwhile to demolish them and we passed one in our tour.

We took a day trip to Sanssouci palace in Potsdam quite close to Berlin. Built by King Frederick of Prussia the name ( French for without cares ) it was used as a retreat from the cares of government in Berlin. On our journey we travelled along the Avus motorway, the first restricted access road in Europe. Its widely separated dual carriageways had a dual function as a motor racing circuit with hairpin bends joining the two carriageways. The road may be considered the precursor to Nazi era autobahn.

Back in Berlin no visit is complete without a visit to the Brandenburg Gate. Atop the classical 4 column gate is a mythical chariot drawn by four horses. Although the structure is central  at the end of the Unter der Linden, the premier street, it is rather a tourist trap with lots of “living statues” alongside. Nearby is the rather impressive Holocaust Memorial. This consists of an 19 thousand square metre area  of plain slabs of varying height on a sloping field.. The  2700 slabs are separated so one can easily walk between them. This description sounds very bland but walking through with slabs gradually rising above head height is strangely impressive

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